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CLI (Command Line Interface)

On this page you find commands which can be executed on the command line.
The command line in a terminal can be used to enter commands, enter small scripts or run scripts and other programs made by you or someone else.
Some commands are internal bash commands. You can learn more about the internal bash commands by looking in the man page

man bash

For other commands use

man command
command -h
command --help

POSIX style options start with a single dash: '-'
GNU long options start with double dash: '--'

Warning: If you can not find what you are looking for try them all three (man page, -h and --help options) since they can differ. This is the case with the diff command. In the manpage --no-dereference is not mentioned. diff --help shows it

You can find out where the commands are located with

type command
whereis command

Globbing, using wildcards in filenames, can be handy

Some recommeded terminal settings

For the Xfce Terminal Emulator

NameSetting
Dynamically-set titleGoes after initial title
Scrollback200000
FontDejaVu Sans Mono Book 12
Enable anti-aliasing for the terminal fontOn
Allow bold textOn
Font color#8BF6F7
Cursor color#00FF00
Tab activity color#AF0000
Background color#3F1793

Linux CLI programs which are shell scripts

Redirection

greeting.txt does not exist in this example

cat greeting.txt 1> hello.txt 2> hello.txt

does the same as

cat greeting.txt > hello.txt 2>&1

The & is a pointer operator which, in the example above, points to 1, the standard output. So 2, the standard error is redirected to the standard output which on its turn goes into the file hello.txt

cat hello.txt

will output

cat: greeting.txt: No such file or directory

See also Understanding shell script idiom redirect

Commands

Overview of the commandline command of GUI applications

Explanation

Names starting with a captial letter are group names
Names starting with a small letter are actual commands

General

man bash: bash builtin commands: search in the manpage for SHELL BUILTIN COMMANDS
GNU core utils
Linux Command Reference
Rosetta stone. AIX, A/UX, DG/UX, FreeBSD, HP-UX, IRIX and Linux command comparison

CommandExplanation
acpishows --battery --ac-adapter --thermal --cooling information
basenamestrip directory and suffix from filenames

Antivirus
Debian bug reporting: Use reportbug

The list of commands

List of Unix commands on Wikipedia

Audio
basename - strip directory and suffix from filenames
bash
bdbvu is a simple GUI tool to browse Berkeley DB databases
beep
binutils is a collection of binary tools like strings
Calculating and numbers
Calendar
CD-RW and DVD+RW
chroot explanation on Youtube
clamav
Cleaning
Coding
Compression
cut : See Filtering commands
date
Date and time
Data transformation
Data recovery
Devices
Display
Downloading
DNS
E-mail
Encryption
exa See : ls
Error messages
Files and directories
File creation
File system
Fill with zero's
Filtering commands
find
for
Formatting
Graphics
grep
gsettings GTK2 and GTK3 privacy enhancing- and other settings
Harddisks
head and tail. Show the first n or last n line of a file
Hex editing
history
Image and ISO files
netrik - webbrowser with vi like keybindings
Internet
Information programs
iptables firewall
irssi IRC client
less
loop devices
ls
Midnight Commander - mc
Mp3 editing
Metreology
Mount
Multimedia players
Network commands
nice renice priority
ntp Network Time Protocol
Redirection
Run scripts
Packages
Passwords
Permissions, Users and Groups
Privacy commands
Processes
pstree -pl | less (show process id, do not turncate lines)
Rename
RSS
Screen
rm
Security
sed
services and daemons
Show information
sipp SIP testing tool and traffic generator. The package name is sip-tester
sort
sshfs
Storage
su
sudo
swap
System
Systemd
Textprocessing
Todo list
touch
tput
tr : See Filtering commands
Uneject an USBstick
Unsorted
uptime
UseNet
Users and Groups
Version control
vim
Virtual Machines
Webbrowsers
Websites
xdotool Command-line X11 automation tool
xmessage
zip

Possible improvements

Maybe it is possible. We did not find it so far

CommandImprovement
historySave all commands from multiple terminals
lsAdd an option to show the file creation date from ext4
rsyncProcess only files belonging to a specific user

Bash on Catonmat blog


Main subjects on this wiki: Linux, Debian, HTML, Microcontrollers, Privacy

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cli_command_line_interface.txt · Last modified: 19-12-2023 23:40 by wim