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Mount

Warnings

When a device is mentioned in fstab do not mount with mount /dev/device /mountpoint. By doing so the options mentioned in fstab will be ignored
Use mount -a
Source: the mount manpage under: “The /etc/fstab, /etc/mtab and /proc/mounts files”

When a terminal, after boot, is in a certain directory and that directory is mounted on an external directory on an other device say on /mnt/mounteddirectory a cd ../mounteddirectory is needed to actually get in the external mounted directory. Otherwise the unmounted local directory is read and used. Check with ls

NameDescriptionRemark
findmntShow the tree of mounted filesystems
fstabA file with static information about the filesystems
losetupSet up and control loop devices
mountMount a filesystem
mountd
udisksDisk Manager
udisksdThe udisks system daemon
udisksctlThe udisks command line tool
umountUnmount file systemsIf you get the “target is busy” error message. Check with lsof /pathto/busydirectory. This is mostly in a tremial. Close any program there and leave that directory.
Try the -f or -l option in case a network could be the cause
umount.udisksUnmount file systems that have been mounted by udisks

Mount an .iso file

As root

mkdir /mnt/isofile
mount -o loop someisofile.iso /mnt/isofile

Look in the isofile

ls /mnt/isofile

Mount an .img file

This can be done with the script form mafintosh of which we made an upgraded version: mount-img.v2.sh.gz. Do

mount-img.v2.sh --help

to show the help text

Mount an USB stick easy as normal user

Add to /etc/fstab

LABEL="TheLabelOfTheUSBstick" /mnt/usbstick ext4 rw,suid,dev,exec,noauto,user,owner,async 0  0

The second 0 needs to be zero, so no check if preformed at boot time.
If it is 2 when booting fsck tries to check it, which fails is there is no USB stick is inserted.
Now the USB stick can be mounted as normal user with

mount -L TheLabelOfTheUSBstick

It becomes even easier with an alias

alias um='mount -L TheLabelOfTheUSBstick'

Now you can mount the USB stick easly with this alias

um

Mount a diskette as normal user

Add to fstab (change to your needs)

/dev/fd0               /mnt/diskette           auto            rw,user,noauto          0       0

then run as a normal user

 mount /dev/sdc

Now the diskette is mounted to /mnt/diskette and a normal user can read and write to it

Unmounting the diskette

Do once

visudo
Add: **user     ALL=(root:ALL) NOPASSWD:/bin/umount /mnt/diskette**
save
close visudo

From now on the diskette can be unmounted with umount /mnt/diskette

Mount loop device

A “loop” device in Linux is an abstraction that lets you treat a file like a block device. It can be used to mount a CD image

Mount errors

wrong fs type

wrong fs type, bad option, bad superblock on /dev/sdX, missing codepage or helper program, or other error.

Solutions:

  • Check if the partition is formatted and if not, format it
  • If mounted unmount. Try again
  • This may be a partition created in non existent space, partition in non existent space, on the drive in case of a fraud USB drive

can't read superblock

mount: /dev/sdc: can't read superblock

The drive, diskette, is probably defective

Device not visible

Sometimes after insterting an USBstick it is needed to run as root

 blkid

in order to make the USBstick visible for the system. Maybe

sudo blkid

will also work. Not tested yet

Large >= 2TB ntfs formatted drives

Mount with

mount -t ntfs-3g /dev/sdx1 /mnt/mountpoint/

When you get an Input/output error do

dmesg | tail -n 20

Check if there is a Very big device. Trying to use READ CAPACITY(16). Do

hdparm /dev/sdx

Do

fdisk -l

and see what partition type is used. MBR or GPT
If possible reformat the drive. See Format an usbdrive with ntfs

sshfs

As normal user:

sshfs 192.168.1.1:/mnt/remotedirectory /mnt/localdirectory/

which is succesfull
As root from here:

cd /mnt/localdirectory

results in

bash: cd: /mnt/localdirectory: Permission denied
ls -l /mnt | grep localdirectory

shows:

ls: cannot access /mnt/localdirectory: Permission denied
d?????????  ? ?    ?        ?            ? localdirectory

Unit is bound to inactive unit

The partiition will not mount to a mount point
In /var/log/syslog it says

Nov  6 14:16:36 hostname systemd[1]: mnt-directory.mount: Unit is bound to inactive unit dev-disk-by\x2duuid-hash1\x2hash2\x2hash3\x2hash4\x2hash5.device. Stopping, too.

Solution: Run as root systemctl daemon-reload


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mount.txt · Last modified: 12-02-2024 21:47 by wim