Erase files (not recursieve)
shred can be found in the package coreutils

Directories can be removed with the --remove=[HOW] option

• HOW is in general optional
• The default mode for HOW is 'wipesync', but it can be expensive. Be careful

The HOW options (see also the man page)

• unlink : use a standard unlink call
• wipe : also first obfuscate bytes in the name
• wipesync : also sync each obfuscated byte to disk

shred --iterations=0 --remove --zero --verbose filetoshred # Only fill the file with zero's. Useful on a SSD or SD card
shred --iterations=1 --remove --zero --verbose /foldertoshred/
shred --iterations=5 --remove --zero --verbose filetoshred

Zero is in this case: 0x00
If you only want / need to fill the file with zero's ( 0x00 ) use --iterations=0 . 0 because the --zero pass is not counted as an iteration

shred --iterations=0 --remove --zero --verbose filetoshred

You can use * zerofree * dd (Not advised, see the zerofree description: apt-cache show zerofree

Erase files and / or directories
Example

wipe -r -f -c -i -qQ 1 > /home/user/wipe.log WhatToWipe # WhatToWipe can be a file or a directory

When using the option -S c , on Debian 10 Buster, this error can occur, even when executed as root

sh: 1: /dev/urandom: Permission denied
Error: pipe command "/dev/urandom" must output at least 128 bytes (got 0)

Solutions:

• Do not use -S c
• Use -S r
• t.b.d.

scrub writes patterns on a disk or a file

DBAN erases entire disks
autonuke is sufficient in most cases

It is a fork of dwipe used by DBAN

nwipe --method=dodshort --verify=last --prng=mersenne --rounds=1 --logfile=/home/user/nwipe`date '+%Y%m%d.%H%M'`.txt /dev/sdx

This will also write all zero's to the drive in the last round

• Power the computer up and insert the DBAN CD
• If the computer boots into Windows
  • Power down the computer
    • Switch the power supply off or pull the power connector of of the (wall)socket
    • Press the power key for a few seconds
  • Connect the disk with Windows on it, via an SATA to USB cable, to an USB port
  • Power the computer up
• When DBAN is started enter “autonuke” and hit ENTER
• When about 10 MB is wiped turn off the computer
  • Switch the power supply off or pull the power connector of of the (wall)socket
  • Press the power key for a few seconds
• Remove the SATA to USB cable
• Connect the disk to the SATA cable wich is connected to the motherboard
• Power the computer up
• When DBAN is started enter “autonuke” and hit ENTER
• Remove the DBAN disk from the drive

Check the status of the IME. See ME cleaner
Requires git, make and some dev files to be installed. About 60MB. We got an error even after installing the pciutils-devel and zlib-develthe packages:

# make
Checking for development libraries: pci and zlib... not found.
For RPM based distributions like Fedora, please install pciutils-devel and zlib-devel.
For DEB based distributions, please install libpci-dev and zlib1g-dev.
Makefile:73: recipe for target 'pciutils' failed
make: *** [pciutils] Error 1

To be investigated

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