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Calculation and numbers
Calculating with bc
Quotes
There are different double quotes. Beware the you use the right ones This does not work due to the wrong type of quotes
$ echo “57/43.1234567” | bc (standard_in) 1: illegal character: \342 (standard_in) 1: illegal character: \200 (standard_in) 1: illegal character: \234 (standard_in) 1: illegal character: \342 (standard_in) 1: illegal character: \200 (standard_in) 1: illegal character: \235
The second quote double, one wrong
$ echo "57/43.1234567"” | bc (standard_in) 1: illegal character: \342 (standard_in) 1: illegal character: \200 (standard_in) 1: illegal character: \235
The second quote wrong
$ echo "57/43.1234567” | bc >
An other example with wrong quotes
$ echo “scale=2;57/43.1234567” | bc “scale=2 bash: 57/43.1234567”: No such file or directory
Single and double quotes can be used
With the right quotes
$ echo "57/43.1234567" | bc 1 $ echo '57/43.1234567' | bc 1
Floating point calculations
With echo
echo "scale=2;57/43.1234567" | bc # 1.32 echo 'scale=2;57/43.1234567' | bc # 1.32
scale only works with divide, not with multiplication
echo 'scale=2;57*43.1234567' | bc # 2458.0370319 ( should be 2458.04 )
This can be resolved, apart from the correct rounding, can be acieved by deviding the result by 1
echo 'scale=2;57*43.1234567/1' | bc # 2458.03
Without echo
bc <<< 'scale=4;1216.00*31.1034768' # 37821.8277888 bc <<< 'scale=4;1216.00*31.1034768/1' # 37821.8277 bc <<< '365 * 24 * 60 * 60' # 31536000 bc <<< $((4+5))*5 # 45
Correct rounding with scale as a variable
It might be safe to give the initial variable scale a different name
scale=3;echo "scale=$scale;(((10^$scale)*160*24.90385449058/1)+0.5)/(10^$scale)" | bc # 3984.617 scale=3;bc <<< "scale=$scale;(((10^$scale)*160*24.90385449058/1)+0.5)/(10^$scale)" # 3984.617
Number ranges
| echo $(seq 10) | 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 |
Pi
| a(x) | The arctangent of x, arctangent returns radians |
pi=$(echo "scale=10; 4*a(1)" | bc --mathlib) bc <<< 15*$pi # Result: 47.1238897980 bc <<< '4*a(1)' # Result: 3.14159265358979323844
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