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Electronics

PCB design

Important

Connecting connecors

When connecting two connectors always make sure they approach each other in a straight line to avoid short circuits, connections you did not mean to make, and thereby having the possibility of damaging your circuit

Static electricity

Always make sure you are discharged. Touch a big piece of metal or wear a anti static wristband connected to ground. Do not wear static clothing nor shoes with static soles

General

555 Monostable Circuit Calculator

Soldering

(Re)Soldering BGA's 1)

Thermal

TO-220 package without a heatsink. The junciton-to-ambient thermal resistance in air is approximately 70 °C/W

Thermal imaging

If you want to by a thermal imaging camera make sure

  • the focal length is suitable. So it has to be 0,5 meters or less
  • the thermal resolution is high. We recommend 320 x 240

Batteries

1C = llt (lt (A) = Rated Capacity (Ah) / 1 (h) )

Letter codeCommon namePositive electrodeElectrolyteNegative electrodeNominal voltage (V)End-point voltage (V)Type IECDiameter (mm)Thickness (mm)
CLithiumManganese dioxideOrganicLithium3,02,0CR2032203,2
LAlkalineManganese dioxideAlkaliZinc1,51,0LR445,4
SSilverSilver oxideAlkaliZinc1,551,2SR445,4
AAAAlkaline 1,5 LR0344,510,5
AAAlkaline 1,5 LR6, 1450050,514,5
AANi-MH 1,45 (is max charge, store fully charged). 1,8V is the absolute maximum2)1,25LR6, 1450050,514,5
EAlkaline 9,0 6LR6148,526,5 W:17,5
18650Li-Ion 3,73,0 6518

Rechargable

When using Li-ion batteries make sure the charge is between 30% and 70% to obtain a long life span

Similation software

NameFunctionRemark
smartsimLogic schematic and simulationDefault installed on Raspbian. It is not available in the Debian repository

Multimeters

General

All measurements are done with the Velleman DVM1200. The measurements of the Velleman DVM1200 are done with the Richmeters RM101
C: Continuity test open voltage
D: Diode test open voltage
P: Positive terminal for resistance, diode and continuity measurements

ModelOhm range automaticOhm range manualDCPBattery
elix AL72Dn.a.3,03V for the 200E (also continuity test), 2K range. 0,36V for the 20k, 200k, 2M, 20M ranges3,03V 9V
Richmeters RM1011,02Vn.a.3,27V1,02V+2x AA?
Toledo TMMH-930n.a.2,74V for the 200E range. 0,62V for the 2k, 20k, 200k, 2M ranges2,74VN.A.+9V
Velleman DVM12000,24V0,46V for the 600E, 6k, 60k, 600k ranges. 6M 0,42V. 20M 0,24V1,49V0,46V+9V

Diode measurement

OL: Overload

ModelSmall signal diodeRed LEDYellow LEDGreen LEDWhite LED
elix AL72D0,66VOLOLOLOL
Richmeters RM1010,60V1,64V1,72V1,85V2,55V
Toledo TMMH-9300,59VOLOLOLOL
Velleman DVM12000,54VOLOLOLOL

Resistors

SMD

“R050” is 0,050 ohm (50 milliohms)

7 x 3 mm = 2518 Dimensions may vary depending on manufacturer
Dimensions are in mm

ImperialMetricWidthLengthHeightWatts
01005 0,40,2
015015 0,380,38
020106030,600,300,250,05
0202 0,50,5
02404 0,61,0
0303 0,80,8
040210051,000,500,35
060316081,600,800,500,063
20102.01.0
080520122,001,250,500,100
25122.51.2
1008 2,52,0
1111 2,82,8
120632163,201,600,600,125
121032253,202,500,500,250
1217 3,004,200,900,250
40204,02,0
1806 4,51,6
1808 4,52,0
181245324,53,2
1825 4,56,4
201050525,002,600,700,250
2020 5,085,080,900,500
2045 5,0011,500,901,000
251264326,303,100,600,500
2725 6,96,3
2920 7,45,1

Suppliers

Digikey
Farnell
Mouser
RS-online
TME

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Changes reserved.

1)
https://www.electronics-notes.com/articles/constructional_techniques/soldering/bga-soldering-ball-grid-array.php
2)
https://eu.industrial.panasonic.com/sites/default/pidseu/files/downloads/files/panasonic_ni-mh_batteries_handbook_interactive_14_06_17.pdf
electronics.txt · Last modified: by wim