Network commands

General considerations

We find these commands hard to work with, if they even work
This needs more study and trial and error testing

Show your IP

If you have access to a webserver you can run your own “show IP” service

vi showip.php
Add
```
<?php echo $_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR']; ?>
```
to it
Save the file
Upload showip.php to your webserver
In a browser open http://yourwebserver.tld/showip.php. On our server: https://webevaluation.nl/showip.php

General commands

Command	Description	Remark
adnshost	A general-purpose DNS lookup utility	From the adns-tools package. Limited security support
adnslogres	A logresolv program	From the adns-tools package. Limited security support
adnsresfilter	A filter which copies its input to its output	From the adns-tools package. Limited security support
iirc
ip	show / manipulate routing, devices, policy routing and tunnels
ip2host	Resolve IP's to hostnames in webserver logs
iptstate	IPTables State Top. A top-like display of IP Tables state table entries	Interactive commands
iptraf-ng	ncurses interactive colorful IP LAN monitor
lsm	Link connectivity monitor tool
ncat	Concatenate and redirect sockets	Part of nmap. Successor of netcat
net-tools	Package containing arp, ifconfig, netstat, rarp, nameif and route
netcat	Concatenate and redirect sockets	Succeded by ncat
netdiag	Package containing tcpblast, netload, trafshow, netwatch, statnet, tcpspray
netstat	Is replaced by ss
netstat-nat	Show the natted connections on a linux iptable firewall
NetworkManager	Network management daemon
nm-connection-editor	This starts the GTK window that can also be started from the system tray
nm-online	Ask NetworkManager whether the network is connected	Find the answer with echo $? 0: Online; 1: Offline; 2: Error
nm-tool	Utility to report NetworkManager state and devices	Obsolete?
nmcli	Command-line tool for controlling NetworkManager	Obsolete?
nmtui	ncurses tool to manage network connections
ping	send ICMP ECHO_REQUEST to network hosts	ping -4 -c 1 -q -w 3 &> /dev/null Only IPv$, only one ping, almost no output, quit after 3 seconds when no reply and discard all output. Useful in a script
sntop	top-like console network status tool	Shows if a website is up. In alarm or log mode a file is executed on the occurence of change in status of a given host
ss	Another utility to investigate sockets	Replaces netstat which is deprecated. ss is part of the iproute2 package
systemctl restart networking
systemctl status network

Programs in the iproute2 package

Command	Description	Remark
arpd
iputils-arping	ARP ping
bridge
ctstat
devlink
ip
lnstat
nstat
routef
routel
rtacct
rtmon
rtstat
ss
tc
tipc

Interfaces

Command	Description	Remark
dhclient	Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol Client	General
ifdown
ifup
ifquery
ifconfig	configure a network interface	General

Wireless LAN

Command	Description	Remark
iw	show / manipulate wireless devices and their configuration	WiFi
iwconfig	Deprecated and replaced by iw
iwlist	Get more detailed wireless information from a wireless interface	WiFi

Examples

Command	Remark
dhclient wlan0
nmcli dev wifi
iwlist wlan0 scan \| grep -i ssid
iw dev wlan0 scan \| grep SSID
ifconfig wlan0 up
ifdown eth0; ifup eth0
ip addr	Show information for all addresses. Shows IP numbers of the host
ip link show wlan0
ip link show enp7s0
ip route	Show the routingtable and thereby the IP address of the router the host is connected to
ip set link eth0 down	Bring link eth0 down
ip set link eth0 up	Bring link eth0 up
iw wlan0 link
iw dev wlan0 station dump	iw dev wlan0 station dump Does the same
iw wlan0 disconnect	Disconnects and reconnects automatically again
nmcli dev wifi connect SSID password SSID_pawssword	Does not work at this moment
nmcli general	Output: STATE CONNECTIVITY WIFI-HW WIFI WWAN-HW WWAN connected full enabled enabled enabled enabled
ifconfig wlan0 down
ifconfig wlan0 up
ifconfig -v eth0 192.168.1.6	Assing IP address 192.168.1.6 to network interface eth0 and bring it up

File locations

File	Function
/etc/networks	Holds the local network addresses
/etc/network/interfaces	available network interfaces
/etc/dhcp/dhclient.conf	Configuration file for /sbin/dhclient
/etc/host.conf
/etc/hostname	Holds the hostname of the computer
/etc/hosts	Holds the hostlist. See also hosts.allow hosts.deny
/etc/resolv.conf	DNS servers
/etc/NetworkManager/NetworkManager.conf

Useful links

iw documentation
Network Configuration
Debian static IP address
How to connect to a WPA/WPA2 WiFi network using Linux command line

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